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11.3 Antenna Diversity
The Antenna Diversity implementation is characterized by:
? Improves signal path robustness between nodes
? Atmel AT86RF232 self-contained antenna diversity algorithm
? Direct register based antenna selection
11.3.1 Overview
Due to multipath propagation effects between network nodes, the receive signal
strength may vary and affect the link quality, even for small changes of the antenna
location. These fading effects can result in an increased error floor or loss of the
connection between devices.
To improve the reliability of an RF connection between network nodes Antenna
Diversity can be applied to reduce effects of multipath propagation and fading. Antenna
Diversity uses two antennas to select the most reliable RF signal path. To ensure highly
independent receive signals on both antennas, the antennas should be carefully
separated from each other.
If a valid IEEE 802.15.4 frame is detected on one antenna, this antenna is selected for
reception. Otherwise the search is continued on the other antenna and vice versa.
Antenna Diversity can be used in Basic and Extended Operating Modes and can also
be combined with other features and operating modes.
11.3.2 Antenna Diversity Application Example
A block diagram for an application using an antenna switch is shown in Figure 11-9 .
Figure 11-9. Antenna Diversity – Block Diagram.
ANT0
1 AVSS
2 AVSS
AT86RF232
SW1
B1
3 AVSS
4 RFP
5 RFN
6 AVSS
...
9
10
ANT1
Generally, if the antenna diversity used the control of an antenna diversity switch must
be enabled by register bit ANT_EXT_SW_EN (register 0x0D, ANT_DIV). The internal
connection to digital ground of the control pins pin 9 (DIG1) and pin 10 (DIG2) is
disabled (refer to Section 1.3 ), and they feed the antenna switch signal and its inverse
to the differential inputs of the RF Switch (SW1).
134
AT86RF232
8321A – MCU Wireless – 10/11
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